Sunday, December 29, 2019

William Shakespeare s A Merchant Of Venice Essay - 971 Words

When interpreting literature, especially that of William Shakespeare, it can be very difficult to decipher the true meaning behind the words. Symbolism, similes, metaphors and the likes are common in many poems and plays where the meaning or meanings of the piece may be clear, vague, and or open for reader interpretation. Another important consideration when analyzing play or drama lies within the classification of the piece of work in terms of comedy or tragedy. As with poems and other forms of literature, the classification may be clearly known or it can be a topic of question, requiring additional analysis and justification in order to pinpoint the author’s direction and or intentions. William Shakespeare’s â€Å"A Merchant in Venice† includes a myriad of characters, dialogue, situations, and moods that make classifying this piece of literature somewhat difficult. However, this play should ultimately be viewed as a romantic comedy due to the nature, context, a nd message of the storyline. In order to support this classification, we must first understand the differences between comedy and tragedy while examining evidence that exists within Shakespeare’s play itself. The classification of comedy can be misconstrued simply due to the word itself. Throughout history, comedy has been linked to high-spirited celebrations of human sexuality and the successes of love (Simpson, 1998). However, a piece of literature can in fact be classified as a comedy while being absent of sexualShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice Essay1624 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Shakespeare s comedy The Merchant of Venice uses contrasting religions to draw out major themes through the ethnic divides that are exemplified. The play expresses the extreme cultural divide between the Jews and Christians through a legal contract between two men. The rivalry between the two men, Shylock and Antonio is clear from the beginning of the play and only intensifies as it continues on. Modern day readers most likely take away a slightly different message from the play than whatRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1320 Words   |  6 Pagesghetto, and were treated as inferior to the rest of the city. William Shakespeare’s play The Merchant of Venice exhibits the prejudicial attitudes of his era. Antonio, a Christian merchant, makes a deal with Shylock, a Jewish moneylender. Shylock uses it as an opportunity to exact revenge by demanding a pound of Antonio’s flesh if he does not meet his end of the bargain. By pitting the majority of his characters against Shylock, Shakespeare portrays Shylock in a way that discriminates against all JewsRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice2269 Words   |  10 PagesSamantha Hansen ENG 314 Brother Brugger 12.15.14 The Question of Shylock It is hard to read The Merchant of Venice without finding at least one character to sympathize with. The unforgettable villain Shylock as well as Portia, Shakespeare’s first and one of his most famous heroines are arguably some of this plays most beloved characters. But, is Shylock really the villain? Or is he a victim of circumstance? Shylock’s insistence for a pound of flesh has made him one of literatures most memorableRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1970 Words   |  8 Pagesthe titles are reflective of the protagonists featured within. For example, the famous titles of Julius Caesar and Hamlet tell the tragedies of those respective characters. However, when it comes to William Shakespeare’s fourteenth play, The Merchant of Venice, it can be argued that Antonio, the merchant, is not who the play is about. In fact, there is not just one character, but instead multiple that fit the description of the protagonist. The main plot, or rather p lots, of the play revolve aroundRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1315 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Merchant of Venice by William Shakespeare the play is based upon the hierarchy between Christian men and Jewish men. A character by the name of Bassanio borrows money from his friend Antonio, and Antonio borrows the money from Shylock to give to Bassanio. Eventually, Antonio cannot pay the money back because his ships have supposedly sunk. Therefore, he comes close to death because he signed a bond with Shylock stating that Shylock would get a pound of his flesh if the bond was not repaidRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1532 Words   |  7 Pagesuseless dialogue can make readers skip over what seems like a false beginning to a good story. But think about this: what if those seemingly lengthy, extra, useless words were actually important? For example, the opening 115 lines of William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice are provide minimal support to the story at first glance. In these lines, Antonio and his friends are discussing the dynamics of happiness and sadness in order to find the root of Antonio’s sad mood. This portion of the play givesRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Merchant Of Venice988 Words   |  4 PagesAs I finished reading Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare, I realized that the struggle of the play gyrates around whether justice is truly served and is morality advocated or manipulated by those in authority. The struggle between the principles of justice have caused many readers to question the interaction between the definition of morality and justice. The bond that causes readers to take a closer look throughout the play originates from Shylock’s desire for vengeance and Antonio’s desireRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1532 Words   |  7 Pagesfundamentalist Americans. The ills of money-lending from the Eastern perspective have been fodder for Western literature for centuries, replete with illustrations that mirror the differences and similarities in East-West cultural norms. In William Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice, money-lending has gone awry. In Act I, Scene iii, the Italian Antonio seeks to borrow 3,000 ducats from the Jewish Shylock, and Shylock intends to charge him interest, which is against Jewish economic-religious principles (BateRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice Essay1275 Words   |  6 PagesShakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice is so alike to our financially afflicted world. The rules of law and commerce are subject to deceptive manipulation, fear of the other overwhelms respect for a common humanity, duplicity is the norm, sexuality is a vehicle for ambition, and money drives and wraps almost every action. It is a classic tale that includes important details of the financial crisis in the Unit ed States during 2007-2009. Shakespeare’s Venice, like the New York of his time - and theRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice2059 Words   |  9 Pagesin The Merchant of Venice resembles a folktale known as â€Å"A Pound of Flesh† (325). Artese supports his supposition with background context and parallels between the two story lines. Literary versions of the pound of flesh story circulated during the sixteenth century and were collected since the nineteenth century because of the plot’s longevity and populairity Shakespeare would have been familiar with pound of flesh stories (326). Human commodification is a central issue in both The Merchant of Venice

Friday, December 20, 2019

Should Private Prisons Be Run For Profits - 1775 Words

Are Private Prisons being run for profits or are they just a solution to the current problems we are dealing with today in society? There has been a recent debate on whether private prisons are being run for profit for their corporations or for the people. Especially with the expected increase in stocks on the two major private prison corporations due to the election of our new President Donald Trump. There has been many different problems and views arising to this. Many of the problems I will be talking about that include the important topic of mass incarceration and the safety of the inmates and staff at these facilities. The history of private prisons began in the early nineteenth century. The number of juveniles and adults in the†¦show more content†¦These companies are: the Corrections Corporation of America and the GEO Group. CCA operates as many as 61 correctional facilities with 75,000 inmates. As for the GEO Group they operate fewer facilities and house fewer inmates than the CCA. According to the journal article â€Å"Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Prisons† there are many disadvantages and advantages in private prisons as compared to federal, state, and local facilities. The advantages of private prisons include how they are seen as an enhancement to the current problem of prison overcrowding due to private prisons having more capacity in supplying empty beds and cells to inmates. Another advantage includes how private prisons take around 18 months to build as for government prisons take over two years. Private prisons are also known to build their prisons in locations that provide financial benefits to the communities. Many of those benefits include stable employment increase, and increase in community resources for spending. Private prisons are also known in reducing costs to complete costs associated with employment, which offers many alternatives for more ideas into the correctional system as well as bringing in more staff that are young a nd eager than the public paid staff and equipment purchasing. Another advantage is the ability to hold a greater number of female inmates which have the history of costing government institutions more money. Private prisons also have theShow MoreRelatedA Research Firm Regarding For Profit Essay1703 Words   |  7 Pagesto inform you of the findings of my research firm regarding for-profit, also known as private, prisons. I personally hold a Ph.D. in Sociology and am the CEO of the research firm that is providing this information. I hope that this letter helps you to decide to cut down on the number of privately owned prisons in the United States. Introduction: With such a large population in our country, it is no surprise that we have many prisons here in the United States; large numbers of crimes are committedRead MorePrivatization Within The Criminal Justice System Essay1510 Words   |  7 Pagess prisoners (Khalek). This issue runs deeper than just incarceration; it permeates every level of the criminal justice system, from incarceration to probation. Many states have turned to private institutions in an attempt shed operating costs, while also increasing effectiveness throughout the criminal justice system. These acts can include anything from providing treatment programs to full blown management of the entire prison system. Overcrowding at prisons and the rising costs associated withRead MorePrivate Prisons Vs. Federal Prisons1175 Words   |  5 PagesPrivate prisons are supposedly more cost effective than state or federal prisons. Or that is what their representatives say. But regardless of whether they save money or not, are they truly beneficial for our communities? This article hopes to break down some of the myths these private prison corporations have used to push their agenda and discuss how that is far from the case. By doing so, the reader can form his/her own conclusions on how pervasive and detrimental private prisons have become withinRead MorePrivate Prisons And Public Prisons815 Words   |  4 Pagesis essentially the Enron of the private prison industry, has long touted private prisons as an alternative to government-owned prisons. Indeed, CCA has set forth three reasons justifying the creation of private prisons for federal inmates: †¢ Cost Effectiveness. Private prisons are less expensive to operate and will save the federal government millions of dollars. †¢ Safety. Private prisons are effectively protect inmates’ safety. †¢ Humane Treatment. Private prisons are modern facilities that provideRead MoreIncarceration Of The United States1113 Words   |  5 Pagescitizens locked up than China, a country 5 times our population run by an authoritarian government. From 1990 - 2000 the prison population increased by 1,000,000. The main reason for incarceration as a punishment in this country is rehabilitation, or so we have been told. In recent years an industry has developed that revolves around high incarceration rates and lengthy sentences, needless to say business is booming. The for-profit prison industry now makes millions off the backs of American inmatesRead MoreDo We Need Private Prisons? Essay1337 Words   |  6 PagesDo we really need private prisons? Prison overcrowding is one of the most burdensome problems plaguing our criminal justice system, but privatization is not the answer. The federal prison population increased by almost 800 percent between 1980 and 2013. (Pelaez, 2016).This is a much faster rate than the most state prisons could accommodate in their own facilities. In an effort to manage the rising prison population, many states began contracting with privately operated correctional institutions toRead MoreAdvantages Of Private Prisons701 Words   |  3 PagesHook. Private prisons provide extra capacity for inmates to prevent or lessen the overcrowding of government-run prisons. When incarceration rates rose too quickly for government-run prisons to provide space for inmates, private prisons seemed to be a good solution. In addition to solving overcrowding, privatization was adopted by many states as an attempt to save money. Companies such as Civicorps and GEO Group--the two largest firms operating private prisons--m ake bids to operate prisons in exchangeRead MoreUnethical Profiteering : Private Prisons942 Words   |  4 PagesUnethical Profiteering: Private Prisons’ Lack of Result Privately owned prisons are prisons operated by private entities for profit. They can be owned by individuals or companies and earn money through unethical practices. These prisons are supposed to cut cost, which they do by providing dangerous living conditions, submitting workers (both convicts and prison employees) to unethical work conditions, understaffing, and underpaying (Blesset 9). By cutting cost owners of theses prisons thrive financiallyRead MorePrivatization Of A Capitalist Society1699 Words   |  7 PagesA criminal is easier to deal with when they’re found dead. A living criminal must be tried in court of their peers, provided legal representation, and then must have whatever prison time they receive - if any - paid for by the Government. Meanwhile a dead criminal just needs to be acknowledged then buried. When it comes to dealing with live criminals, a government finds itself in a position where it must provide for the safety and wellbeing of members of societ y that are often ignored, which canRead MorePrivatization of American Prisons1661 Words   |  7 Pagesrunning prisons out of the hands of state and federal authorities and contracting it out to private organizations. Along with the drift to privatization is a plethora of research pertaining to the subject taking many different approaches to analyzing the effectiveness. The majority of research focuses on one of three areas. The first questioning whether or not it is cost effective to make the switch. The second being the ethical problems that can and have risen from the privatization of prisons. The

Thursday, December 12, 2019

The Worst Kind of Hypocrite is a Religious Hypocrite Essay Sample free essay sample

A dissembler is person who says one thing and does another. These people are really hard to acquire honestness from. They tell others how to populate their lives and so frequently do non follow their ain advice. This is really apparent in people who claim to be spiritual and state others how to populate. yet do non pattern what they tell others to make. These people claim to be an illustration. yet do non populate by it. Bing spiritual and claiming faith are two different things. This is where the term â€Å"practice what you preach originated. Religious dissemblers are bad because they do non follow their ain instructions. because they are dishonorable and because they set a bad illustration for others. The spiritual dissemblers are the people who go to church on Sunday forenoon and state on what everyone else has done during the hebdomad. They tell others non to imbibe intoxicant or fume. We will write a custom essay sample on The Worst Kind of Hypocrite is a Religious Hypocrite Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page They ridicule those who use inappropriate linguistic communication or make other things they feel are non spiritual behaviours. Then these same people can be seen during the hebdomad utilizing the linguistic communication and behaviour they get on to others about. On Saturday they show up at the saloon and necessitate a drive place. because they are unable to drive safely. The people are dishonorable with themselves by bespeaking they are better people than others. They are dishonest with others. because they tell the others what they need to make. when they do non follow this illustration themselves. They are frequently leaders in the church and the community and if they can non be honest and consistent with their beliefs. their words and their actions. they can non be trusted to be effectual leaders. The spiritual dissemblers set bad illustrations for others. Since they go to church on Sunday forenoon claiming to be spiritual. and stating others how to populate. they become illustrations. When people see them in the saloon on Saturday dark in the saloon. they think if this is how spiritual people behave they don’t need to alter the manner they live. The dissemblers are even dishonest with their kids. Children learn their behaviour from watching others. When they are told non to act a certain manner. but so see their parents making what they were told non to make. they are more likely to follow the illustration than the words. They set a bad illustration for God. The Bible puts really specific waies for behaviour out for people to follow. when people who claim to follow the Bible alteration what the Bible says they are non following the illustration God set for them. It is neer good to be hypocritical. because people need to be able to swear what other people say. but when one claims to follow Biblical rules and breaks the regulations deliberately this is even worse. The Bible itself warns people to watch out for these dissemblers. because they can take others astray. There is a difference between doing a error and being hypocritical. Everyone makes errors and does things they should non at times. They should be strong plenty to acknowledge they did incorrect and take the effects instead than deny they have non followed their ain advice. Being spiritual and claiming faith are two different things and a individual needs to cognize this difference. They need to cognize what sort of committedness is involved and recognize that others are watching their behaviour. If a individual is traveling to be spiritual so they need to follow the illustration set for them and populate the life they expect others to.

Thursday, December 5, 2019

Security Policy and Ethics in Classrooms

Question: Describe about policy regarding honesty in attendance and other classroom documents. Answer: Introduction Academic integrity and honesty among the students assuming certain responsibilities are the major classroom oriented policies (Greene, 2006). If any of these policies gets violated, then the entire system will be a failure. There are certain universal laws mandatory for every academic institution. The communities serve to give an educational environment that demonstrates professionalism and academic currency (Roby, Erickson Nagaishi, 2016). Every educational institution has its values and ethics to be followed by the community members. This report will cover honesty among the students during the class hour regarding classrooms and other classroom documents (Mathur Corley, 2014). The policies include all the structural elements relevant to the course. Policy regarding honesty in attendance and other classroom documents Policy regarding honesty and the other classroom documents are related to university responsibility and the responsibilities of the students also. Fisher et al., (2015) stated that the institutional policies provide different educational processes that informs both the students and the faculties of their right and responsibilities regarding various important matters such as- cheating, attendance, plagiarism and professional ethics. The students should maintain the attendance policies regulated by the institutions as well as by the faculty members (Culver et al., 2013). Each academic institution has different weekly holidays. Apart from that, in all other working days, the students and the faculties should attend the class. Else the students will miss important lectures. The institutions are enforcing several academic honesty policies related to the classrooms. The policies are as followed: A good relationship between the students and the faculties are come from the mutual trust, understanding and respect for each other. If any of the students fail to adhere the honor-code provided by the academic institution, will be unable to take admission in leading institutions for further studies (Gaihre et al., 2014). Learning of the academic honor code in order to adhere post admission in top-level colleges is mandatory. Thorough preparation of the assignments and class notes are required before sitting for the examination. Students should not let other students copy during the review and should not lend any assignment that has been completed by other students. If any issue generated related to the student then, the faculties must inform this to their parents. Ethical aspects related to academics There are certainly ethical aspects should maintained by the students during their academic life. Absenteeism is one of the bad habits found in maximum number of students. They show different excuses to avoid classes. According to Mathur Corley, (2014) most of what is considered unethical or dishonest behavior can be prevented if the faculty and students clearly understand both the constitutions of the consequences and academic policies. Sometimes, it is also found that absent students are getting attendance with the help of proxy (Culver et al., 2013). During exam times cheating from books, class notes, and classmate's copy are also unethical. Now there are several electronic Medias are innovating. The students are taking help from the electronic medium for cheating. Lack of integrity in the classrooms may lead the entire system a failure (Fisher et al., 2015). If the students and the faculties will not follow the classroom policies, then a disordered satiation will occur. Mutual understanding among the students and their tutors will lead a chaotic ambiance in the academic institution. Structural elements The structural elements of the classrooms include pre-planned and effective teaching, the teacher who is a nice person, classroom management that is well-organized, organizational instruction, implementation of the instruction and monitoring the progress of individual students (Greene, 2006). The database storage of the institution must store all the relevant information related to the students and the faculties as well (Gaihre et al., 2014). All the structural elements are of interrelated to each other. Recommendations to avoid unethical situation In order to prevent unfair situations the system must incorporate some rules and regulations such as: Ethics should be included as a subject like others. The teachers should teach the students about what is right and what is wrong. They should teach them to be cooperative with other students and teachers as well. The teachers should teach them to avoid copy during the examination. Conclusion The students and teachers must adopt certain principle and policies incorporated by individual academic institutions. The understanding, trust and loyalty among the students are necessary to maintain the classroom environment within the institution. At the same time, they must attach different policies related to the classroom documents. The teachers should monitor the progress of the student. If any kind of absence in decency in the behavior is found then, they must inform their parents about this. In order to avoid dishonesty in the classroom, some rules and regulations are incorporated into the daily classroom system. Thus, the ethical parameters are maintained and a balanced infrastructure will be established in the academic institution. References Culver, S. M., Puri, I. K., Wokutch, R. E., Lohani, V. (2013). Comparison of engagement with ethics between an engineering and a business program.Science and engineering ethics,19(2), 585-597. Fisher, P., Bates, A., Gurvitz, D., Portfolio, R. T. P. (2015). LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO OFFICIAL POLICIES: Academic Honesty. Gaihre, S., Semple, S., Miller, J., Fielding, S., Turner, S. (2014). Classroom carbon dioxide concentration, school attendance, and educational attainment.Journal of school health,84(9), 569-574. Greene, S. S. (2006).Security policies and procedures. New Jersey: Pearson Education. Mathur, S. R., Corley, K. M. (2014). Bringing Ethics into the Classroom: Making a Case for Frameworks, Multiple Perspectives and Narrative Sharing.International Education Studies,7(9), 136. Roby, J. L., Erickson, L., Nagaishi, C. (2016). Education for children in sub-Saharan Africa: Predictors impacting school attendance.Children and Youth Services Review.

Sunday, November 24, 2019

Burkean Parlor Definition and Examples

Burkean Parlor Definition and Examples The Burkean parlor is a   metaphor  introduced by philosopher and rhetorician Kenneth Burke (1897-1993) for the unending conversation that is going on at the point in history when we are born (see below). Many writing centers employ the metaphor of the Burkean parlor to characterize collaborative efforts to help students not only improve their writing and but also view their work in terms of a larger conversation. In an influential article in The Writing Center Journal (1991), Andrea Lunsford argued that writing centers modeled on the Burkean parlor pose a threat as well as a challenge to the status quo in higher education, and she encouraged writing center directors to embrace that challenge. The Burkean Parlor is also the name of a discussion section in the print journal Rhetoric Review. Burkes Metaphor for the Unending Conversation Imagine that you enter a parlor. You come late. When you arrive, others have long preceded you, and they are engaged in a heated discussion, a discussion too heated for them to pause and tell you exactly what it is about. In fact, the discussion had already begun long before any of them got there so that no one present is qualified to retrace for you all the steps that had gone before. You listen for a while until you decide that you have caught the tenor of the argument; then you put in your oar. Someone answers; you answer him; another comes to your defense; another aligns himself against you, to either the embarrassment or gratification of your opponent, depending upon the quality of your allys assistance. However, the discussion is interminable. The hour grows late, you must depart. And you do depart, with the discussion still vigorously in progress.  (Kenneth Burke, The Philosophy of Literary Form: Studies in Symbolic Action 3rd ed. 1941. Univ. of California Press, 1973) Peter Elbows Yogurt Model for a Reimagined Composition Course A course would no longer be a voyage where everyone starts out on a ship together and arrives at port at the same time; not a voyage where everyone starts the first day with no sea legs and everyone is trying simultaneously to become acculturated to the waves. It would be more like the Burkean parloror a writing center or studiowhere people come together in groups and work together. Some have already been there a long time working and talking together when new ones arrive. New ones learn from playing the game with the more experienced players. Some leave before others. . . .A competence-based, yogurt structure creates more incentive for students to invest themselves and provide their own steam for learninglearning from their own efforts and from feedback from teachers and peers. For the sooner they learn, the sooner they are to get credit and leave. . . .Given this structure, I suspect that a significant fraction of skilled students will, in fact, stay for longer than they have to wh en they see they are learning things that will help them with other coursesand see that they enjoy it. It will often be their smallest and most human class, the only one with a sense of community like a Burkean parlor.   (Peter Elbow, Everyone Can Write: Essays Toward a Hopeful Theory of Writing and Teaching. Oxford Univ. Press, 2000) Kairos and the Rhetorical Place [W]ithin a rhetorical place, kairos is not simply a matter of rhetorical perception or willing agency: it cannot be seen apart from the physical dimensions of the place providing for it. In addition, a rhetorical place is not just a matter of location or address: it must contain some kairotic narrative in media res, from which discourse or rhetorical action can emerge. Understood as such, the rhetorical place represents a place-bound temporal room which might precede our entering, might continue past our exiting, into which we might even stumble unaware: imagine a true Burkean parlorphysicallyand you will have imagined one example of a rhetorical place as I have tried to construct it.​  (Jerry Blitefield, Kairos and the Rhetorical Place. Professing Rhetoric: Selected Papers From the 2000 Rhetoric Society of America Conference, ed. by Frederick J. Antczak, Cinda Coggins, and Geoffrey D. Klinger. Lawrence Erlbaum, 2002) The Faculty Job Interview as the Burkean Parlor As the candidate, you want to imagine the interview as a Burkean parlor. In other words, you want to approach the interview as a conversation in which you and the interviewers create a collaborative understanding of the professional relationship that might result from the interview. You want to walk in prepared to have a smart conversation, not prepared to give a thesis defense.​  (Dawn Marie Formo and Cheryl Reed, Job Search in Academe: Strategic Rhetorics for Faculty Job Candidates. Stylus, 1999)

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Social Security Programs Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Social Security Programs - Research Paper Example This was meant actually to ensure the retirees had some money at their disposal so as to ensure cash flow which would in turn stimulate the economy. In addition he also wanted this program to be an income supplement. This was also supposed to ensure that most people especially the old and disabled were to be entitled to a social security insurance program especially those who were of the aged (Dilnot, 1989). Over the past year there has been much to say about the social security fund though most talks don’t seem to be very appealing. The truth of the matter is the Us government is really having it rough now as far as the social security fund is concerned since the dependants today compared to the time when this project was initiated has rose by millions. In the coming 2-3decades this fund will be practically impossible to run and offer the citizens of US that social security it was intended for (Sacks, 2000). One major blow to the social security fund is the fact that the group of beneficiaries have been increased over time from just the elderly and disable to the spouse or minor children of a retired workers and another benefit was also included for the family of a worker who has dead prematurely. Now if you put together these facts together with the fact that Americans are living longer then this is a big blow to the success of this fund in the coming years (Sacks, 2000). According to the additional views by the Senator Robert J. Dole, the long term deficit that will be in the non-medical social security program translated to 1.8% of the taxable payroll. when one On closely looking at the projections of the actuaries, in the next 75years the benefits of this program shall be very challenging to payroll tax income translating to about $25 billion per year in deficit. This deficit is seen practically a big problem to the success of the social security fund and if not addressed this program has a very terrible